CP-Titanium Grade 2

metal

commercially pure titanium — alpha

CP-Ti Gr2UNS R50400Grade 2 TitaniumCommercially Pure Titanium Grade 2ASTM Grade 2 TiISO Ti-0.25O

CP-Titanium Grade 2 3D printed component

Density

4.51 g/cm³

YS (LPBF as-built (XY))

330–430 MPa

UTS (LPBF as-built (XY))

450–570 MPa

Elongation (LPBF as-built (XY))

15.0–28.0 %

Elastic modulus

95–115 GPa

Thermal conductivity

16.4 W/m·K

Composition — UNS R50400 / ASTM F2885

Element	Min %	Max %	Notes
Ti	bal.		balance
O	—	0.250	Primary strengthener in CP-Ti; Grade 2 has higher O (max 0.25%) than Grade 1 (max 0.18%), giving better strength at slight ductility cost
Fe	—	0.300	Impurity element; forms interstitials that marginally increase strength
C	—	0.080
N	—	0.030	Interstitial; strengthens but reduces ductility and corrosion resistance at higher levels

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Mechanical & thermal properties — 2 conditions

Property	LPBF as-built (XY)	EBM as-built
Elastic modulus	95–115 GPa	—
Yield strength (0.2%)	330–430 MPa	280–390 MPa
Ultimate tensile strength	450–570 MPa	390–500 MPa
Elongation at break	15.0–28.0 %	18.0–33.0 %
Hardness (HV)	185–235 HV10	165–205 HV10
Density	4.51 g/cm³	4.51 g/cm³
Relative density	98.8–99.9 %	—
Thermal conductivity	16.4 W/m·K	—
CTE	8.2–9.2 µm/m·K	—
As-built surface Ra	8.0–22.0 µm	—

Values shown as min–max where a spread is reported, otherwise as typical ± unit. Ranges reflect inter-source variation, not single-sample scatter. All values are for AM-processed specimens unless noted.

Engineering considerations

Specify CP-Ti Gr2 over Ti-6Al-4V only when corrosion resistance or biocompatibility is the primary driver — structural applications requiring >500 MPa UTS are better served by Ti64
For medical implants: ASTM F2885 sets the acceptance criteria — verify elongation ≥20% on each lot, as LPBF scatter can bring values close to the limit
EBM produces coarser microstructure with better ductility — preferred for orthopaedic lattice structures; LPBF preferred for dental and precision medical components
Electropolishing is the standard finishing route for dental and orthopaedic implants — reduces Ra from ~13 µm to <0.5 µm and removes surface contamination
HIP can be applied to close residual porosity and improve fatigue life — follow same HIP cycle as Ti-6Al-4V (920°C / 100 MPa / 2h) with similar benefits
Osseointegration surface: for bone-contacting implant surfaces, Ra of 1–4 µm is optimal — grit-blasting + acid-etching (SLA) is common commercial implant finishing
Galvanic compatibility: CP-Ti and Ti-6Al-4V are galvanically compatible in biological fluids — mixed assemblies are acceptable

Advantages

Superior corrosion resistance to Ti-6Al-4V — no Al or V in solution; passive TiO₂ film unaffected by alloying
No vanadium — removes cytotoxicity concern for long-term implants (V is an IARC Group 2B carcinogen)
Excellent ductility (elongation ~20–25%) — significantly more deformable than Ti-6Al-4V
Biocompatibility extensively documented — ISO 10993-1 compliant, FDA-cleared for implantable use
Lower processing temperature than Ti-6Al-4V — slightly different LPBF parameter window but well-characterised
Higher thermal conductivity than Ti-6Al-4V (~16 vs ~7 W/m·K) — lower residual stress accumulation in LPBF

Limitations

Significantly lower strength than Ti-6Al-4V — not suitable for load-bearing structural aerospace applications
Low hardness (~185–210 HV) — poor wear resistance; tribological surfaces need coating or avoid contact
Higher raw material cost than stainless steel but lower than some Ti-6Al-4V grades
Limited LPBF parameter databases compared to Ti-6Al-4V — parameter development required on new platforms
As-built LPBF surface roughness (~13 µm Ra) requires post-processing for medical implant surfaces
EBM surface roughness much higher (~28–35 µm Ra) — machining or electropolishing mandatory for bearing surfaces
Prone to hydrogen embrittlement at elevated H₂ levels — strict atmosphere control required

Typical applications

Orthopaedic implants requiring superior corrosion resistance (e.g. shoulder, ankle, craniofacial)Porous scaffolds for bone ingrowth (EBM lattice acetabular cups, trabecular structures)Dental implants and abutments — no V cytotoxicity concernElectrochemical cell components, bipolar plates for fuel cellsChemical processing equipment (valves, heat exchangers in chloride environments)Marine hardware and offshore equipment (superior chloride corrosion resistance)Patient-specific craniofacial and maxillofacial implantsSurgical instruments requiring biocompatibility without the strength of Ti-6Al-4V

Standards & certifications

ASTM-F2885established

CP-Ti Grade 2 parts produced by powder bed fusion (LPBF and EBM) for medical implants

medicaldental

Specifies composition, powder requirements, and minimum mechanical properties (UTS ≥345 MPa, YS ≥275 MPa, El ≥20%). Cross-reference with ISO 5832-2 for European market.

CP-Titanium Grade 2

Composition — UNS R50400 / ASTM F2885

Mechanical & thermal properties — 2 conditions

Engineering considerations

Advantages

Limitations

Typical applications

Industries

Standards & certifications

Compatible AM processes (4)

Other metal materials

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